Dentistry Review · Published 2026-06-01 · DOI 10.1016/j.dentre.2026.100366
Blake Eaton, Lee Holman
OBJECTIVES: The primary goal of this retrospective study was to compare lower incisor proclination during Herbst therapy in hyperdivergent, normo-divergent, and hypodivergent patients using lateral cephalograms. Additionally, amount of initial crowding, presence or absence of fixed appliances, molar classification was compared to changes in IMPA. Change in ANB angle was also measured. METHODS: Thirty-two Herbst patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into three groups based on Frankfort mandibular angle (FMA) (hypodivergent S:20°, normodivergent21°-29°, hyperdivergent;30°). Pre-Herbst and post-Herbst lateral cephalograms were used to determine vertical skeletal pattern, IMPA, and SNB. Initial records photos were used to determine amount of crowding initial molar classifications RESULTS: Amount of initial crowding showed a statistically significant effect on increase in incisor proclination. The other factors did not affect the amount of increase in IMPA. There was a minimal average change in SNB angle of 1.1°. CONCLUSIONS: Vertical skeletal patterns does not influence the amount of lower incisor proclination during Herbst therapy. Amount of initial crowding however, does affect change in IMPA angle in about a 1:1 fashion.
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Eaton, B., Holman, L. (2026). Influence of Vertical Skeletal Pattern on Lower Incisor Proclination During Herbst Therapy: A Retrospective Study. Dentistry Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dentre.2026.100366