Annals of Microbiology · Published 2026-02-02 · DOI 10.1186/s13213-025-01836-4
Abstract Background The escalating threat of antibiotic resistance, along with the global rise in cancer incidence and oxidative stress-related disorders, underscores the urgent need for a continuous identification of novel antimicrobial drugs, anticancer treatments, and antioxidant compounds. Actinomycetes isolated from soil are recognized for generating secondary metabolites with novel bioactivities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Results Molecular identification revealed that the predominant isolate belonged to the Streptomyces enissocaesilis SMS712 (Accession number PV464955). The S. enissocaesilis SMS712 extract demonstrated notable antibacterial activity, showing the highest inhibition zone (14.33 ± 1.53 mm) against Escherichia coli, while no antifungal activity was detected against the tested fungal species. The S. enissocaesilis SMS712 extract showed moderate antioxidant activity, ranging from 37% to 53.3%. Anticancer activity was evaluated against two cell lines, MCF-7 and HCT-16, yielding IC50 values ranging from 21.9 µg/mL to 59.2 µg/mL. TLC separation followed by ¹H NMR analysis revealed four bioactive compounds from S. enissocaesilis SMS712 with antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. The identified compounds − 2-Methylhexadecan-1-ol, (Z)-13-Docosenamide, 2-Ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, and (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid - were further supported by molecular docking analyses, suggesting their therapeutic mechanisms. Conclusions This study highlights S. enissocaesilis SMS712 as a promising source for novel agents against antibiotic resistance, oxidative stress, and cancer. Graphical abstract
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