Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open · Published 2026-07-02 · DOI 10.1016/j.jmro.2026.100224
Abhijith S, Saikiran Pendem, Rajagopal Kadavigere, Priyanka, Priya P․ S․, Dharmesh Singh
Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) are advanced diffusion MRI techniques that respectively characterize microvascular perfusion and non-Gaussian diffusion. Their hybrid implementation (IVIM–DKI) enables simultaneous assessment of diffusion, perfusion, and tissue heterogeneity. This scoping review aimed to synthesize current evidence on IVIM–DKI in brain imaging, with emphasis on its biophysical basis, methodological developments, and applications. A systematic search of five databases was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies reporting combined IVIM–DKI acquisition, modeling, or applications in brain MRI were included, and data were synthesized narratively. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, spanning methodological, experimental, and clinical domains. IVIM–DKI was feasible for joint estimation of diffusion, perfusion, and kurtosis-related parameters within a single acquisition. However, substantial variability in acquisition protocols and modeling approaches was observed. Perfusion-related parameters showed partial correspondence with established perfusion measures but also reflected nonvascular contributions. Combined diffusion and kurtosis metrics demonstrated potential for tissue characterization, while emerging approaches, including deep learning–based fitting, may improve parameter stability. IVIM–DKI is a promising multiparametric framework for integrated characterization of brain microstructure and perfusion. However, current evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Standardized acquisition, robust modeling, and larger validation studies are required to establish reproducibility and clinical utility.
Abstract from DOAJ. Public domain (CC0 1.0).
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S, A., Pendem, S., Kadavigere, R., et al. (2026). Hybrid intravoxel incoherent motion–diffusion kurtosis imaging in brain MRI: A scoping review of applications, insights, and emerging directions. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmro.2026.100224