Health Economics Review · Published 2026-05-06 · DOI 10.1186/s13561-026-00761-9
Abstract Background This study examines the factors influencing individuals’ willingness to pay higher taxes to support long-term care (LTC) services, a pressing issue as aging populations drive rising LTC demand and public spending. Methods We use data from the 2020 and 2022 waves of the OECD’s “Risk that Matter” survey, a cross-national survey examining people’s perceptions of the social and economic risks they face. We employ generalized linear mixed-effects models configured as logistic regression models, including country-level random intercepts and country-level covariates. We also conduct standard logit regressions for individual countries to analyze local nuances further. Results The findings reveal that higher income, older age, female gender, left-leaning political orientation, and caregiving responsibilities significantly increase the likelihood of willingness to pay for improved LTC services. At the country level, greater LTC spending as a share of GDP, higher trust in government, and policies offering cash benefits to carers also play a significant role. Conclusions Overall, the results indicate strong support for additional LTC funding among sizeable demographic groups, especially older respondents and those in higher-income groups. At the same time, political orientation and certain socio-demographic characteristics are associated with differences in support. These findings are relevant for policymakers considering reforms to improve the provision of LTC services.
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