Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University: Series Medicine · Published 2025-11-24 · DOI 10.26565/2313-6693-2025-57-01
Background. The relevance of this research problem is due to the high frequency of wound infections in patients with blast injuries and burn lesions, as well as the significant prevalence of gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Purpose – to determine the composition of the wound microbiome in patients with blast injuries and burn disease. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility levels of recovered clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and determination of the frequency of isolation of multidrug- resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains. Materials and Methods. The study analyzed 32 hospital strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the wound exudate of patients with blast and burn injuries. Microbiological examination was performed according to Eurepean Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing standards. Antibiotic resistance was determined using the disk diffusion method. The results were statistically processed using the χ² test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results. The analysis showed that the number of gram-negative and gram-positive strains isolated from patients with blast and burn injuries was almost the same (53 % and 47 %, respectively). The proportion of P. aeruginosa among the pathogens of wound infections was 11 %. An in vitro study was conducted to determine the susceptibility of hospital P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients’ wounds to antibacterial drugs with anti-pseudomonal activity. Ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem, and amikacin demonstrated the highest efficacy against the tested strains, making them the drugs of choice for the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen. Among the isolated P. aeruginosa strains, 11.9 % were multidrug-resistant, and 76.5 % were extensively drug-resistant, i.e., resistant to almost all antibacterial drugs, including reserve agents. Conclusions. The results obtained are important for optimizing empirical therapy and developing clinical protocols for the treatment of infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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