Journal of Nepal Medical Association · Published 2026-06-30 · DOI 10.31729/jnma.v64i299.9549
Raja Ram Khanal, Madhur Bhattarai, Chandra Mani Poudel, Hemant Shrestha, Surya Devkota, Sanjeev Thapa, Smriti Shakya, Ratna Mani Gajurel
Introduction: Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening condition with rising incidence now days leading to a serious complications like heart failure, stroke and multiorgan dysfunction. Staphylococcus aureus has become a leading causative organism now days world-wide. Limited research in Nepal highlights the need to explore the epidemiology, clinical profiles, and outcomes of Infective endocarditis. This study addresses these gaps in a tertiary care setting. Methods: This single-center, hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April, 2022 to April, 2024 in the cardiology department of Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center. A total of 39 patients aged 18 years and older, diagnosed with infective endocarditis based on modified Duke’s criteria, were included. Data were analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS version 26.0, employing percentages, means, medians, and standard deviations. Results: Among the 39 patients with infective endocarditis, 33 (84.61%) were male, with a mean age of 34±13.49 years. The mean hospital stay was 23.28±15.47 days. The culture isolated Enterococcus 3 (7.69%), Staphylococcus 3 (7.69%) and Streptococcus 1 (2.56%). The predisposing factors included rheumatic heart disease 17 (43.58%), IV drug user 12 (30.76%), and prosthetic valve 4 (10.25%). The complications seen were heart failure 8 (20.5%), septic shock 4 (10.25%) and AKI 4 (10.25%) with overall mortality of 9 (23.08%). Conclusions: Infective endocarditis continues to impose a substantial clinical burden in Nepal, with high rates of complications and in-hospital mortality despite contemporary management.
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Khanal, R., Bhattarai, M., Poudel, C., et al. (2026). Study of Etiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes of Patients with Infective Endocarditis at Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Nepal Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.v64i299.9549