Archives of Mental Health · Published 2025-01-01 · DOI 10.4103/amh.amh_220_24
Context: Microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes are well-known but the cognitive dysfunction is least known which can show major impact on the quality of life of diabetic patients. Aims: This study aims to assess the cognitive status among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from November 2023 to July 2024 after obtaining ethical committee approval. The sample of the study comprised of 90 persons, 30 persons were controls, 30 cases with good glycemic control, and 30 cases with poor glycemic control based on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) done within 3 months of the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A), and Brief Cognitive Rating Scale (BCRS) were used to assess the cognitive impairment. Results: The prevalence of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was 50%, 53.3%, and 56.6% according to TMT-A, BCRS, and MMSE, respectively. All the assessment methods have shown a significant difference in levels of cognition among diabetic cases than controls, and the impairment is more in cases with poor glycemic index. The cognitive decline was found to have a significant association with duration of illness (P < 0.0001), HbA1c (P < 0.0001), and number of medications (P < 0.0001) used by the diabetic patients. Conclusions: This study concludes that half of the proportion of diabetic patients are having impairment in various cognitive domains. Global functioning and self-care of the diabetic patients are affected more than the persons without diabetes. Hence, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1c > 7, increased duration of illness, and polyoral hypoglycemic medication need to be screened for cognitive impairment.
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