Current Oncology · Published 2026-07-23 · DOI 10.3390/curroncol33080441
Eleonora Palluzzi, Amedeo Cefaliello, Olga Martelli, Mariagrazia Distefano, Carolina Maria Sassu, Valentina Weger, Serena Maria Boccia, Laura Vertechy, Giorgia Russo, Luca Romano, Giacomo Corrado, Carolina Bottoni, Diana Giannarelli, Christian Marth, Anna Fagotti, Francesco Fanfani, Claudia Marchetti
Background: The prognostic role of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) in patients with endometrial cancer (EC) treated with pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib (Len-Pem) is unknown. In this study, the association between baseline SII and progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated. Methods: This is a monocentric, observational, retrospective/ambispective study including patients with advanced, recurrent, or metastatic mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) EC treated with Len-Pem. Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled, with a median age of 64 years. Median PFS in the overall population was 7.1 months; median OS was 15 months. Patients with baseline SII ≤ 540 had significantly longer PFS (12.5 months) compared to those with SII > 540 (5.5 months; HR 2.94, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Higher SII was also significantly associated with increased risk of specific toxicities, including nausea, anorexia, and vomiting. The Overall Response Rate (ORR) was 42%, and Disease Control Rate (DCR) was 71%. Conclusion: Our real-world study supports the hypothesis-generation of a prognostic role for SII in predicting outcomes and toxicity in EC patients treated with Len-Pem. SII may serve as a cost-effective, accessible biomarker to stratify patients and hypothetically guide clinical decision-making. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate its clinical utility and to optimize dosing strategies that balance efficacy and tolerability.
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Palluzzi, E., Cefaliello, A., Martelli, O., et al. (2026). Prognostic Value of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Advanced Endometrial Cancer Treated with Pembrolizumab–Lenvatinib: A Retrospective Real-World Study. Current Oncology. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33080441